As one of the generic technologies, biotechnology (BT) has generated a highly internationalized set of industries across the globe. Even though BT firms are small in advanced countries, they are part of a highly international innovation system through the complex networks they generate. But how is the case for BT firms in developing countries? Are they becoming a part of global value chains similar to their counterparts in advanced countries? Are they introducing innovations that connect them into global markets? This paper is an attempt to find out a plausible set of answers to these questions for BT firms operating in an emerging economy, Turkey. This attempt might highlight some important policy issues regarding the creation and development of new technologies in developing countries.